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Full text of "Addresses delivered at the eighth anniversary of the Duke Endowment : held at the First Methodist Episcopal Church, South, Charlotte, North Carolina, December 11, 1932"

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DELIVERED  AT  THE 

EIGHTH  ANNIVERSARY 

OF 

THE  DUKE  ENDOWMENT 


Digitized  by 

the  Internet  Archive 

in  2014 

https://archive.org/details/addressesdeliverOOduke 


EIGHTH  ANNIVERSARY 

THE  DUKE  ENDOWMENT 

Established  By 

JAMES  B.  DUKE 


ADDRESSES 

DELIVERED  AT  THE 

EIGHTH  ANNIVERSARY 

OF 

THE  DUKE  ENDOWMENT 


Sponsored  by  Friends  of  Mr  Duke  in 
North  Carolina  and  South  Carolina 


held  at 

The  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  South 
charlotte,  north  carolina 

December  11,  1932 


Program 


The  Rev.  W.  W.  Peele,  D.D.,  Presiding 


«o» 


2:25  Organ  Prelude  .  . 

2:35  Hymn  

2:40  Invocation  

2:45  Address  

2:55  Address  

3:05  Double  Quartet  . 

3:10  Address  


Toccata  and  Fugue  in  D  Minor 
Johann  Sebastian  Bach 
Lawrence  Clarke  Apgar,  Or- 
ganist   and    Carillonneur  to 
Duke  University. 

Number  208:  /  Love  Thy  King- 
dom.  Lord. 

Doctor  Walter  L.  Lingle,  Presi- 
dent. Davidson  College. 

The  Duke  Endowment  in  North 
Carolina — The  Honorable  O. 
Max  Gardner,  Governor  of 
North  Carolina. 

The  Duke  Endowment  in  South 
Carolina  —  The  Honorable 
Ibra  C.  Blackwood,  Governor 
of  South  Carolina. 

Thanks  Be  To  God 

Stanley  Dickson 
Arr.  by  Sumner  Salter 
Group  from  Men's  Glee  Club 
of  Duke  University. 

The  Duke  Endowment:  Its  Ori- 
gin and  Purpose — Judge  Wil- 
liam R.  Perkins,  Vice  Chair- 
man, Board  of  Trustees  of 
The  Duke  Endowment. 


Program  (Continued) 


3:25  Organ  Dreams  Hugh  McAmis 

Mr.  Apgar 

3:30  Remarks  The  Interest  of  The  Duke  En- 
dowment in  Higher  Education 
— Doctor  W.  J.  McGlothUn, 
President,  Furman  University. 

3:35  Remarks  The  Interest  of  The  Duke  En- 
dowment in  Medical  Educa- 
tion— Doctor  Robert  Wilson, 
Dean,  Medical  College  of  the 
State  of  South  Carolina. 

3:40  Remarks  The  Superannuate  Minister  and 

the  Rural  Church — The  Rev- 
erend J.  B.  Hurley. 

3:45  Remarks  The  Interest  of  The  Duke  En- 
dowment in  the  Care  of  De- 
pendent Children — The  Rev- 
erend C.  K.  Proctor,  Superin- 
tendent, Oxford  Orphanage. 

3:50  Organ  Scherzo  Eugene  Gigout 

Mr.  Apgar 

3:55  Address  James  B.  Duke:  Man  and  Citi- 
zen —  The  Honorable  Clyde 
R.  Hoey. 

4:10  Double  Quartet  .  The  Recessional  De  Koven 

4:15  Closing  Prayer .  .  .The  Right  Reverend  Edwin  D. 

Mouzon. 


4:20  Organ  Postlude.  .Finale  from  Sonata  I 

Mr.  Apgar  Mendelssohn 


radio  broadcast  of  this 
program  was  made  possible 
through  the  courtesy  of  Radio 
Station  W  BT,  Charlotte,  North 
Carolina,  of  the  Columbia  Broad- 
casting System,  Mr,  Earle  J, 
Gluck,  Manager, 


The  Duke  Endowment  In 


North  Carolina 

The  Honorable  O.  Max  Gardner 
Governor  of  North  Carolina 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 

NORTH  Carolina  pauses  gratefully  today  to 
contemplate  the  philanthropies  of  James  B. 
Duke.  Rockefeller  and  Carnegie  alone  exceeded  him 
in  public  benefactions.  Our  people  could  be  neither 
just  nor  fair-minded  were  they  to  forget  or  fail  to 
appreciate  what  this  man  has  done  for  the  good  of 
our  Commonwealth. 

Duke  was  an  empire  builder.  His  name  was  well 
known  in  all  the  markets  of  the  world.  Although 
he  held  no  public  office,  he  sent  his  ambassadors  of 
commerce  to  the  ends  of  the  earth.  And  yet,  at  the 
zenith  of  his  power  he  remembered  the  place  of  his 
birth.  I  can  hear  him  say  in  the  evening  of  his  life: 
"Let  me  look  at  the  rock  from  whence  I  was  hewn." 
North  Carolina,  which  had  contributed  him  to  the 
world  and  furnished  him  the  stage  upon  which 
many  of  his  dreams  were  realized,  received  the  major 
legacies  from  his  hands  for  its  social,  intellectual  and 
humanitarian  enrichment. 


6 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


I  would  not  presume  to  tell  you  in  detail  what 
The  Duke  Endowment  has  done  for  our  people. 
Many  of  you  are  better  equipped  to  tell  the  story. 
It  is  my  purpose,  however,  to  discuss  the  manner  in 
which  this  man  gave  his  millions  and  to  analyze  the 
spirit  and  meaning  of  what  he  has  done  in  North 
Carolina. 

Education  is  one  of  the  major  purposes  of  the 
Endowment.  Hence  at  Durham,  the  university 
bearing  his  name  has  been  constructed.  Its  physical 
equipment  is  of  unsurpassed  beauty.  To  it,  through 
the  means  of  a  permanent  endowment,  he  is  bring- 
ing some  of  the  master  minds  of  this  generation. 
And  because  Davidson  College,  supported  and 
maintained  by  the  Presbyterian  Church,  had  been 
building  nobility  into  the  character  of  young  men 
for  a  long  time,  this  institution  was  included  in  his 
benevolence.  The  Johnson  C.  Smith  University  of 
Charlotte,  with  a  long  and  honorable  history  of 
cultural  education  for  the  Negroes  of  America,  was 
selected  by  Mr.  Duke  as  the  institution  of  that  race 
to  profit  through  his  philanthropies. 

However,  in  no  sphere  of  his  benefactions  in 
North  Carolina  does  the  public  come  into  more 
practical  or  thrilling  contact  than  in  hospitalization. 
The  hospital  which  he  made  an  adjunct  of  Duke 


The  Duke  Endowment 


7 


University  is  in  itself  sufficient  to  attest  to  his  in- 
terest in  this  field  of  public  welfare. 

But  that  is  only  suggestive  of  the  provisions  which 
he  made  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  sick.  Not 
only  there  but  throughout  our  State  hospitals  have 
been  erected  largely  through  the  aid  of  this  Endow- 
ment, with  modern  equipment  and  competent  med- 
ical and  nursing  staffs.  This  year  47,000  of  our 
indigent  sick  and  poor  have  received  aid  in  these 
hospitals,  and  during  the  life  of  this  trust  so  far  in 
North  Carolina  approximately  $3,000,000  has 
been  expended,  of  which  almost  two  million  dol- 
lars was  for  this  charity  service. 

In  North  Carolina  also  institutions  for  the  care 
and  training  of  orphans  have  received  from  this 
Endowment  more  than  $500,000.  ''Every  effort,*' 
Mr.  Duke  said,  * 'should  be  made  to  safeguard  these 
wards  of  society/' 

Our  State  has  reaped  also  from  his  generosity  a 
half  million  dollars  invested  in  rural  Methodist 
Churches,  and  also  for  the  care  of  superannuated 
ministers  of  the  Gospel  more  than  $150,000  has 
been  so  far  distributed. 

Mr.  Duke  did  not  seek  to  upset  what  other  men 
had  done;  he  desired  rather  to  enter  into  their  la- 
bors.  Although  a  man  who  had  spent  the  major 


8 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


part  of  his  life  in  the  thick  of  industrial  activity,  he 
was  keenly  aware  of  the  progress  that  had  been  made 
by  other  men  in  the  intellectual,  social  and  religious 
life  of  our  State.  Therefore,  when  he  built  Duke 
University  he  wished  it  to  be  a  fulfillment  of  the 
ambition  of  those  who  had  founded  and  worked  for 
Trinity  College.  This  idea  of  supplementing  the 
work  of  other  men,  this  willingness  to  assist  in  the 
fulfillment  of  their  dreams,  characterized  every  de- 
tail of  his  philanthrophy.  The  arms  of  The  Duke 
Endowment  embrace  many  institutions  that  are  the 
pride  of  North  Carolina.  In  the  naming  of  them 
the  imagination  is  fired  with  the  possibilities  for  in- 
finite good  to  humanity.  Surely  Mr.  Duke  has  cre- 
ated an  instrumentality  for  great  good,  which  with- 
out regard  to  race  or  creed  will  bless  our  people  for 
generations  to  come. 

As  we  gather  here  the  question  naturally  arises: 
what  will  most  surely  and  adequately  perpetuate 
the  memory  of  this  man?  I  venture  to  answer  this 
question.  The  greatest  memorial  to  this  man  is  the 
daily  prayer  of  thanksgiving  that  goes  up  from  the 
befriended  child,  the  youth  who  is  given  greater  op- 
portunity, and  from  the  public  wards  of  pain  where 
science  is  restoring  health  and  peace  to  stricken 
humanity. 


The  Duke  Endowment 


9 


North  Carolina  is  feeling  today  many  unusual 
trends  in  its  economic  and  social  life.  Our  people 
have  felt  the  lash  of  unkind  circumstances.  We  have 
had  our  share  of  the  distress  and  heartaches  of  our 
times.  It  is  encouraging  to  know  that  the  benefits 
of  The  Duke  Endowment  will  continue  to  aid  and 
comfort  our  people  in  the  hard  days  that  are  ahead. 

It  is  a  trite  thing  to  say  that  our  Commonwealth 
stands  at  the  crossroads.  Yet  as  one  who  has  been 
intimately  associated  with  the  public  life  of  North 
Carolina  for  more  than  twenty  years,  I  feel  in  my 
heart  that  we  are  now  making  decisions  that  will 
mark  and  color  our  destiny  for  many  years.  Much 
of  our  future  depends  upon  the  wisdom  of  political 
leadership.  But  much  also  depends  upon  the  atti- 
tude of  men  of  great  wealth  toward  their  fellow- 
men.  As  we  face  an  uncharted  future  it  is  my  sin- 
cere hope  that  all  men  of  wealth  will  be  deeply  con- 
victed of  their  duty  to  mankind. 

There  is  something  splendid  to  me  about  this 
citizen  of  the  world  who  walked  in  Wall  Street  and 
in  Lombard  Street  but  who  could  not  forget  the  red 
foothills  of  Durham  County.  There  is  something 
deeper  than  a  superficial  loyalty  in  a  man  who  gath- 
ers wealth  from  the  whole  world  and  lays  it  in 
gratitude  at  the  feet  of  the  State  that  nurtured  both 
him  and  his  father  before  him.   Regardless  of  his 


10 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


far-flung  activities  Mr.  Duke  was  a  North  Caro- 
linian. No  matter  where  he  went  he  could  not  for- 
get the  problems  and  the  needs  of  our  people.  Our 
people  were  his  people — our  tradition  was  in  his 
blood. 

Men  are  what  they  are  largely  because  of  condi- 
tions under  which  they  live  and  labor,  the  life  cur- 
rent about  them,  the  prevailing  philosophies  of  the 
time.  Mr.  Duke  began  his  life  in  an  unsocial  era. 
The  mold  of  his  career  was  set  in  the  last  quarter 
of  the  last  century.  This  was  the  golden  age  of 
material  advance,  of  wealth  amassing  by  the  pio- 
neers in  the  new  industrialism,  of  scientific  discovery, 
of  inventive  genius — but  it  was  night-time  for  the 
purely  social  and  human  values.  Duke,  himself, 
was  a  frontiersman  forging  ahead  under  the  mo- 
mentum of  an  intensely  individualistic  will.  In  his 
early  days  rugged  self-reliance  was  the  chief  capital 
asset:  the  race  was  for  the  swift,  the  battle  for  the 
strong.  The  people  of  North  Carolina,  therefore, 
rejoice  that  this  captain  of  industry,  in  the  maturity 
of  his  judgment,  detached  himself  from  his  contem- 
poraries and  wholeheartedly  fell  in  with  the  warm 
currents  of  a  more  friendly  philosophy.  We  are  in- 
deed glad  that  above  the  sounds  of  industrial  con- 
flict he  heard  the  small  but  nevertheless  compelling 
voice  of  humanity. 


The  Duke  Endowment  In 


South  Carolina 


The  Honorable  Ibra  C.  Blackwood 
Governor  of  South  Carolina 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 

rrsHE  DUKE  ENDOWMENT  in  South  Caro- 


Duke  to  confer  upon  the  people  of  the  two  Caro- 
linas  and  their  posterity  the  advantages  accruing 
from  a  great  endowment.  Such  is  the  nature  of  The 
Duke  Endowment  that  the  geographic  lines  sepa- 
rating the  two  Carolinas  effect  but  slight  difference 
in  the  benefits  to  the  two  states.  Mr.  Duke's  dream 
was  to  do  something  great  for  the  territory  wherein 
were  operated  those  activities  that  largely  produced 
his  fortune.  The  document  wherein  is  given  expres- 
sion to  this  great  plan  is  unique  and  distinguished 
for  its  clarity  and  simplicity.  Every  sentence  clearly 
expresses  the  idea  that  it  was  the  purpose  of  Mr. 
Duke  not  to  claim  for  himself  or  for  any  individual 
in  whom  he  might  be  particularly  interested  any 
benefits  upon  any  contingency  that  might  subse- 
quently arise.  This  document  is  free  from  re- 
versionary terms.    It  was  manifestly  his  purpose 


beneficent  plan  of  J.  B. 


12 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


through  the  avenues  of  religion,  education  and 
hospitilization  to  make  his  great  donation,  serve 
humanity  in  its  greatest  needs  and  to  the  fullest 
possible  extent  that  his  endowment  could  be  em- 
ployed. It  was  his  expressed  wish  to  develop  the 
resources  of  the  two  Carolinas,  to  contribute  to  the 
wisdom  and  promote  the  happiness  of  their  people. 
No  higher  purpose  could  prompt  an  individual  in 
the  execution  of  an  act.  So,  the  plan  having  for  its 
origin  such  an  unquestioned  motive,  since  the  donor 
stands  upon  solid  rock  upon  an  elevation,  removed 
from  designs  of  possible  personal  gain,  nothing  re- 
mains to  make  it  a  success  but  to  provide  for  its 
conduct  wisely  and  honestly.  For  this  he  provided 
by  creating  a  self-perpetuating  Board  of  Trustees 
and  bestowing  upon  the  Endowment  the  quality  of 
unlimited  duration.  Thus  it  is  that  South  Carolina 
shares  with  North  Carolina  that  liberal  percentage 
of  the  Endowment  that  is  to  be  definitely  devoted 
to  the  construction  of  hospitals  for  the  care  and 
treatment  of  those  who  could  not  otherwise  enjoy 
hospital  treatment  and  for  the  treatment  of  charity 
patients  therein.  This  is  a  most  beneficent  and 
humane  arrangement,  for  many  are  they  who  are 
poor  and  destitute  who  become  stricken  and  afflicted 
at  such  time  and  place  and  under  such  circumstances 
that  their  plight  is  helpless.   It  has  ever  been  the 


The  Duke  Endowment 


13 


unhappy  experience  of  hospitals  to  be  required  to 
care  for  charity  patients  whom  they  could  not  turn 
away.  This  unfortunate  circumstance  has  rendered 
it  impossible  for  many  hospitals  to  operate  success- 
fully. By  this  generous  provision  this  very  pressing 
demand  is  largely  satisfied.  With  North  Carolina 
the  percentage  of  the  Endowment  that  is  to  be  de- 
voted to  orphans  and  the  maintenance  of  orphan 
homes  is  shared  by  South  Carolina  as  her  needs  may 
appear  to  the  Board  of  Trustees.  A  shadow  that 
has  herebefore  spread  across  the  Carolinas,  because 
there  were  in  the  midst  those  who  were  lonely,  desti- 
tute and  defenseless,  has  been  lifted,  without  addi- 
tional public  expense. 

Among  the  institutions  of  learning  favored  by 
this  Endowment  is  Furman  University  located  in 
the  City  of  Greenville.  Furman  enjoys  an  honor- 
able and  worthy  record  for  distinguished  service  by 
unselfish  teachers  and  ardent  supporters.  From  her 
classrooms  have  gone  forth  into  the  varied  walks  of 
life  many  illustrious  citizens.  This  institution  is 
warmly  cherished  by  thousands  of  loyal  and  devoted 
alumni.  Five  per  cent  of  the  entire  net  proceeds  of 
the  Endowment  is  to  be  paid  annually  to  this  insti- 
tution. This  almost  guarantees  its  successful  opera- 
tion and  continuous  existence.  The  Endowment  is 
of  such  a  structure  that  it  will  almost  certainly  grow 


14 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


and  with  its  growth  there  is  to  be  its  attendant  ex- 
pansion in  hospitilization  and  orphanage  accom- 
modations. This  bids  fair  in  the  stretch  of  years  to 
reach  a  point  where  charity  patients  and  orphans 
may  depend  entirely  upon  this  source  for  care  and 
maintenance  and  with  the  growth  of  this  colossal 
Endowment  Furman  will  keep  apace  in  the  benefits 
that  she  enjoys.  All  intelligent  patriotic  South 
Carolinians  gladly  recognize  The  Duke  Endowment 
as  a  boon  to  their  State.  The  interests,  the  hopes, 
the  impulses  and  aspirations  of  the  people  of  this 
great  State,  rich  in  tradition  and  historic  back- 
ground, but  somewhat  retarded  in  economic  prog- 
ress, are  so  entwined  about  the  life  and  progress  of 
The  Duke  Endowment  that  it  will  always  receive 
the  sympathy  and  solicitude  of  South  Carolinians. 

South  Carolina  through  56  institutions,  located 
in  22  of  the  46  counties  has,  during  the  past  eight 
years,  received  the  sum  of  $2,792,391.  Of  this  sum 
Furman  University  has  received  $469,677.  Sixteen 
orphan  homes  have  received  $281,027  for  the  care 
of  orphans  and  half  orphans  and  the  sum  of 
$2,041,687  has  been  appropriated  to  39  hospitals 
for  the  care  of  free  patients  and  for  construction  and 
equipment.  This  is  a  relief  to  South  Carolina  citi- 
zens and  taxpayers  to  the  extent  of  more  than 
$2,000,000.  One  of  the  heavy  tax  burdens  in  any 


The  Duke  Endowment 


15 


commonwealth  is  the  requirement  to  provide  free 
hospitilization  and  orphan  homes.  This  is  a  duty 
resting  upon  the  State  that  cannot  be  escaped.  This 
burden  has  been  graciously  lifted  from  the  shoulders 
of  a  struggling  people. 

There  are  two  South  Carolinians  on  the  Board, 
and,  through  them,  South  Carolina  people  feel  that 
they  are  not  strangers  to  the  Board.  B.  E.  Geer,  one 
of  the  most  loved  and  honored  of  South  Carolina's 
sons,  and  W.  S.  Lee,  who,  as  a  young  engineer,  lent 
inspiration  to  Mr.  Duke,  and  Doctor  Gil  Wilie, 
who  initiated  the  Duke  Power  Company,  were 
designated  members  of  the  Board  by  Mr.  Duke. 
These  men  are  viewed  with  pride  and  esteem  by  the 
people  of  South  Carolina.  In  the  light  of  this  cir- 
cumstance, I  feel  sure  that  I  can  truthfully  assert 
that  the  Board  occupies  a  warm  and  affectionate 
place  in  the  thought  of  our  people.  The  people  of 
our  State  may  temporarily  fail  to  manifest  that  de- 
gree of  appreciation  that  is  deserved  but  certain  it  is 
that  a  State  whose  people  have  contributed  so  much 
to  the  cause  of  liberty  and  the  preservation  of  the 
rights  of  the  people  and  have  ever  been  ready  to  de- 
fend the  cause  of  justice  and  honor  will  not  suffer 
The  Duke  Endowment  to  experience  extended  lack 
of  appreciation. 


The  Duke  Endowment:  Its 
Origin  and  Purpose 

Judge  William  Perkins 
Vice  Chairman,  Board  of  Trustees  of 
The  Duke  Endowment 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen  of  My  Seen  and  Unseen 
Audience: 

THE  Trustees  of  The  Duke  Endowment,  for 
whom  I  speak,  with  genuine  pleasure  avail 
themselves  of  the  kind  invitation  of  the  Commit- 
tee on  Arrangements  to  be  present  and  participate 
in  these  memorial  exercises.  To  them  the  occasion 
is  one  of  exceeding  gladness  and  significance.  It  com- 
memorates a  life  and  a  cause  that  are  dear  to  their 
hearts.  It  manifests  the  rising  tide  of  public  recog- 
nition and  appreciation  that  is  just  and  inevitable 
for  such  a  magnificent  enactment  on  the  stage  of 
human  events. 

Most  appropriately  these  services  are  being  held 
in  Charlotte,  where  Mr.  Duke  had  his  southern 
home,  where  he  planned  and  labored  and  where 
there  were  finally  drafted  the  documents  establish- 
ing the  Endowment.  Thereby  Old  Mecklenburg 
County,  so  long  heralded  as  the  birthplace  of  our 


The  Duke  Endowment 


17 


independence,  may  also  justly  proclaim  itself  the 
cradle  of  one  of  the  very  greatest  philanthropies  of 
all  time. 

The  story  begins  with  the  birth  in  this  state 
on  December  23,  1856,  of  a  boy  named  James 
Buchanan  Duke,  who  was  to  be,  as  his  life  amply 
proved,  a  veritable  Christmas  present,  not  only  to 
his  parents  but  also  to  humanity  itself. 

Twenty  months  later  his  mother  died.  A  few 
years  thereafter  his  father  shouldered  a  musket  and 
marched  away  to  fight  in  the  War  Between  the 
States.  And  the  child  came  thus  early  to  know  from 
experience  the  meaning  of  orphanage  and  poverty. 

By  great  good  fortune  the  lad's  formative  period 
was  spent  in  the  intimate  companionship  of  his 
father,  who  was  a  wise  counselor  and  a  Methodist 
of  the  old  school.  This  was  the  key  that  unlocked 
the  future.  Father  and  son  proved  kindred  spirits 
and  impressions  for  good  were  made  which  endured 
and  came  into  full  fruition.  All  through  his  life 
Mr.  Duke  was  wont  to  state,  with  unfeigned  pride: 
'*My  old  Daddy  always  said  that  if  he  amounted  to 
anything  it  was  due  to  the  Methodist  circuit  riders," 
and  'If  I  amount  to  anything  in  this  world  I  owe 
it  to  my  Daddy  and  the  Methodist  Church/* 


18 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


I  do  not  believe  any  son  ever  cared  more  for  a 
father.  As  the  years  sped  it  ripened  into  a  veneration 
beautiful  to  behold.  I  could  but  marvel  at  the  man 
this  father  must  have  been,  thus  to  influence  his 
great  descendant.  It  made  me  realize  the  responsi- 
bilities, the  possibilities,  of  fatherhood  as  nothing 
else,  and  brought  an  intense  yearning  that  my  life, 
each  father's  life,  might  deserve  and  receive  such  a 
blessing. 

Ere  manhood  had  been  reached  the  youth  became 
a  partner  in  his  father's  business,  and  it  was  not 
long  thereafter  until  those  who  knew  him  perceived 
that  he  had  been  cast  in  an  heroic  mold,  created  for 
big  things. 

His  first  great  achievement  constituted  a  major 
development  of  the  agricultural  resources  of  the  two 
Carolinas  and  a  contribution  of  the  very  first  magni- 
tude to  the  industrial  growth  of  our  nation.  He 
made  tobacco,  a  plant  indigenous  to  those  states, 
one  of  our  largest  and  most  valuable  crops,  expand- 
ing its  sales  to  the  four  corners  of  the  earth,  creating 
jobs  for  thousands  and  adding  millions  to  land 
values,  besides  yielding  large  returns  in  revenue  to 
the  government  and  in  dividends  to  investors. 

This  brought  him  wealth,  but  not  without  a 
sense  of  the  responsibility  which  should  accompany 


The  Duke  Endowment 


19 


wealth;  for  it  caused  him  to  say  to  his  intimate 
friends:  *1  am  going  to  give  a  good  part  of  what 
I  make  to  the  Lord/'  It  also  brought  him  fame, 
but  not  without  the  bitter  denunciation  that  in  this 
country  unfortunately  attends  such  success;  and  that 
caused  him  to  say:  ''Had  I  done  this  in  England  I 
would  have  been  knighted;  here  they  seek  to  put 
me  in  jail/* 

His  next  achievement  was  still  another  employ- 
ment of  his  talent  and  means  for  the  benefit  of  the 
two  Carolinas.  He  developed  the  water  powers  of 
the  river  that  runs  hard  by  this  city  and  attracted 
enterprises  for  the  use  of  the  energy  thus  created, 
until  the  Piedmont  section  of  these  states  grew  and 
blossomed  as  perhaps  no  other  section  of  this  country 
at  the  same  time.  Its  name  became  a  synonym  of 
progress  and  prosperity. 

He  was  in  the  midst  of  this  second  undertaking 
when  I  had  the  high  privilege  of  becoming  associ- 
ated with  him  as  his  legal  adviser,  and  thus  placed 
in  a  position  where  I  am  able  to  speak  from  inti- 
mate, personal  knowledge.  I  soon  found  that  his 
mind  was  busy  and  burdened  with  the  sense  of  his 
stewardship  as  a  man  of  wealth.  He  talked  with  me 
often  and  at  length  on  the  subject,  asking  the  very 
practical  questions,  what  he  should  do  and  how  he 
should  do  it.  And  then  there  came  a  morning  I  shall 


20 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


never  forget  when,  with  beaming  countenance,  he 
told  me  that  overnight  there  had  come  to  him  the 
very  plan  he  had  been  seeking.  It  was  that  his  phil- 
anthropy should  take  the  form  of  giving  these  water 
power  developments  to  the  communities  they  served, 
in  a  manner  whereby  these  communities  through 
these  developments  could  finance  their  own  charities 
by  simply  doing  business  in  the  usual  and  ordinary 
way. 

He  was  enraptured  with  the  splendid  conception 
which  has  since  captivated  the  world  by  its  origi- 
nality and  munificence.  He  felt  it  met  the  test  of 
real  assistance  by  helping  others  to  help  themselves. 
And  he  illustrated  by  saying  it  was  easy  enough  to 
give  money,  but  the  best  of  all  gifts  was  a  job,  that 
his  method  really  afforded  these  communities  a  way 
whereby  they  could  work  out  their  own  salvation. 

Of  course  there  was  pointed  out  to  Mr.  Duke  the 
possible  danger  of  basing  a  large  perpetual  charity 
on  a  business  that  might  change,  indeed,  upon  a 
public  utility  that  was  subject  to  popular  regulation 
and  already  being  made  a  target  by  those  who 
wished  to  put  government  into  business.  But  such 
arguments  caused  him  no  dismay,  so  full  was  his 
confidence  that  he  could  entrust  his  benevolence  to 
the  people  whom  it  served.  He  felt  sure  they  would 
understand  and  appreciate,  and  in  so  doing  see  that 


The  Duke  Endowment 


21 


the  structure  he  erected  for  their  benefit  was  pro- 
tected and  preserved. 

In  this  great  faith  he  went  forward  boldly,  ma- 
turing his  plans  with  the  enthusiasm  of  a  boy,  over 
the  many  fateful  years,  embracing  the  World  War 
and  its  aftermath,  which  intervened  between  the  con- 
ception and  the  announcement  of  his  plans.  And 
when  there  occurred  the  public  offering  of  his  great 
Endowment,  which  we  celebrate  today,  the  Inden- 
ture establishing  it  contained  this  unique  and  force- 
ful statement  on  this  subject  from  his  pen: 

**My  ambition  is  that  the  revenues  of  such  developments 
shall  administer  to  the  social  welfare  as  the  operation  of  such 
developments  is  administering  to  the  economic  welfare  of 
the  communities  which  they  serve.  With  these  views  in 
mind,  I  recommend  the  securities  of  the  Southern  Power 
System  (The  Duke  Power  Company  and  its  subsidiary  com- 
panies) as  the  prime  investment  for  the  funds  of  this  trust; 
and  I  advise  the  Trustees  that  they  do  not  change  any  such 
investment  except  in  response  to  the  most  urgent  and  extra- 
ordinary necessity;  and  I  request  the  Trustees  to  see  to  it 
that  at  all  times  these  companies  be  managed  and  operated 
by  the  men  best  qualified  for  such  a  service." 

Meanwhile  the  benevolence  had  grown  im- 
mensely, as  was  always  the  case  with  anything  that 
Mr.  Duke  undertook.  It  had  been  broadened  be- 
yond the  communities  this  power  system  served  to 
include  in  many  respects  the  whole  of  the  two  Caro- 


22- 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


Unas,  and  even  to  extend  aid  to  hospitalization  be- 
yond their  confines.  It  had  been  largely  increased  in 
amount  beyond  the  Duke  Power  stock  originally 
contemplated  by  additions  from  what  Mr.  Duke 
had  made  in  enterprises  elsewhere.  $40,000,000  in 
value  was  put  in  at  the  Endowment's  creation,  one- 
fifth  of  the  income  has  to  be  accumulated  until  an- 
other $40,000,000  has  been  added  to  the  principal, 
and  the  will  probably  added  another  $40,000,000 
in  value  at  Mr.  Duke's  death.  So  far  the  income  of 
the  Endowment  has  been  derived  approximately 
39  %  from  Duke  Power  stock  and  61  %  from  other 
sources. 

The  objects  of  the  benevolence  had  also  been 
largely  expanded.  Mr.  Duke  paid  fitting  tribute  to 
the  great  influence  on  his  life  of  the  Methodist 
Church  and  its  circuit  riders.  For  this  purpose  he 
included  two  provisions:  One  was  for  deserving 
superannuated  preachers  and  the  widows  and  or- 
phans of  deceased  preachers  of  that  persuasion  in 
this  state,  under  which  there  will  have  been  dis- 
tributed $189,541.50  at  the  end  of  this  year;  the 
other  was  for  building  and  maintaining  Methodist 
Churches  in  the  sparsely  settled  districts  of  this  state, 
under  which  a  total  of  $582,946.66  has  been  ex- 
pended for  over  1,200  churches,  having  congrega- 
tions aggregating  over  125,000  persons. 


The  Duke  Endowment 


23 


He  also  remembered  orphans,  whose  care  he  de- 
clared '*a  worthy  cause,  productive  of  truly  bene- 
ficial results,  in  which  all  good  citizens  should  have 
an  abiding  interest/'  The  provision  embraces  both 
white  and  colored,  whole  and  half  orphans  of  the 
two  Carolinas,  and  under  it  a  total  of  $81 1,504. 1 1 
has  already  been  distributed  among  48  orphanages, 
located  at  Asheville,  Banner  Elk,  Barium  Springs, 
Belmont,  Black  Mountain,  Bostic,  Camden,  Charles- 
ton, Charlotte,  Clayton,  Clinton,  Columbia,  Dallas, 
Durham,  Elon  College,  Falcon,  Franklin,  Golds- 
boro,  Greensboro,  Greenville,  Greenwood,  High 
Point,  Lexington,  McCormick,  Middlesex,  Naz- 
areth, Oxford,  Penland,  Raleigh,  Rockwell,  Spar- 
tanburg, Sumter,  Thomasville,  Union  Mills,  Win- 
ston-Salem and  York, 

Education  received  an  enlarged  and  extensive 
share.  Here  the  principal  object  is  Trinity  College, 
which  Mr.  Duke^s  father  had  been  largely  instru- 
mental in  locating  and  maintaining  at  Durham.  It 
has  been  erected  through  Mr.  Duke's  benefactions 
into  the  magnificent  Duke  University  we  have  to- 
day. In  addition,  we  have  the  handsome  allotment 
for  its  operation  and  the  substantial  sums  for  the 
operation  of  Furman  University,  a  Baptist  insti- 
tution at  Greenville,  S.  C. ;  Davidson  College,  a 
well  known  Presbyterian  institution  in  this  state; 


24 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


and  Johnson  C.  Smith  University,  an  institution 
for  colored  people  at  this  city.  Under  these  pro- 
visions over  $19,000,000  has  been  expended  in  thus 
reconstructing  Trinity  College  according  to  Mr. 
Duke's  ideas  and  wishes,  and  $5,842,073.88  has 
been  distributed  for  the  operation  of  the  four  insti- 
tutions mentioned. 

Mr.  Duke  was  greatly  interested  in  education. 
He  had  thought  deeply  on  the  subject  and  enter- 
tained strong  convictions  which  he  thought  so 
worthy  of  serious  consideration  that  he  took  occa- 
sion to  express  them  in  the  Indenture  establishing 
the  Endowment  for  the  guidance  of  its  Trustees  and 
of  Duke  University.  Among  other  things  he  said: 

"I  have  selected  Duke  University  as  one  of  the  principal 
objects  of  this  trust  because  I  recognize  that  education,  when 
conducted  along  sane  and  practical,  as  opposed  to  dogmatic 
and  theoretical,  lines,  is,  next  to  religion,  the  greatest  civil- 
izing influence." 

Such  a  statement  is  most  refreshing  and  salutary 
in  these  depression  days  when  all  sorts  of  * 'isms' * 
are  being  vociferously  hailed  as  sovereign  panaceas, 
especially  by  some  of  those  connected  with  our  edu- 
cational institutions  whose  inexperience  in  every- 
day affairs  has  caused  them  to  lose  the  practical  in 
the  theoretical.  No  such  nostrums  appealed  to  Mr. 
Duke.   As  his  quoted  words  show,  and  all  who 


The  Duke  Endowment 


25 


knew  him  can  abundantly  testify,  he  was  a  well- 
balanced  man  of  sound  common  sense  and  great 
practical  judgment,  who  stood  four-square  on  the 
principles  which  underlie  our  American  government, 
believing  that  they  constituted  the  best  means 
whereby  necessary  individualism  could  attain  its  per- 
fection, as  illustrated  in  industry  by  his  own  life 
and  in  official  life  by  Abraham  Lincoln,  whom  he 
greatly  admired. 

So  essential  were  these  views  deemed  by  Mr. 
Duke  that  he  authorized  the  Trustees  of  the  En- 
dowment to  withhold  its  benefits  even  from  Duke 
University,  should  that  institution  **in  their  judg- 
ment" be  not  "operated  in  a  manner  calculated  to 
achieve  the  results  intended/'  And  to  this  end  he 
advised  that  university  to  secure  for  its  officers, 
trustees  and  faculty  men  of  ''outstanding  character, 
ability  and  vision,**  and  to  admit  as  students  only 
those  ' 'whose  previous  record  shows  a  character,  de- 
termination and  application  evincing  a  wholesome 
and  real  ambition  for  life/* 

Hospitalization  was  added  as  a  major  object  of 
the  Endowment.  If  possible,  it  appealed  more 
strongly  to  Mr.  Duke  than  perhaps  any  of  the  other 
purposes.  The  reason  for  this  was  that  Mr.  Duke's 
study  of  this  subject  led  him  to  realize  that  hospi- 
talization was  a  splendid  cause  for  which  there  was 


26 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


great  need  and  very  inadequate  help.  His  program 
for  aiding  hospitalization  has  two  parts.  The  major 
and  dominant  part  is  what  is  known  as  the  free  bed 
payments.  These  assist  existing  hospitals,  not  oper- 
ated for  private  gain,  in  doing  the  charitable  work 
so  necessary,  and  which  they  cannot  turn  away,  by 
paying  to  each  of  them  for  each  day  a  bed  is  occu- 
pied by  a  charitable  patient  such  sum,  not  exceeding 
One  Dollar  per  bed  per  day,  as  the  available  funds 
will  permit  when  ratably  distributed.  For  this  part 
there  has  been  expended  $3,428,695.95.  The  second 
and  subordinate  part  is  the  use  of  any  excess  in  such 
funds  over  that  required  for  the  first  part  in  helping 
to  build  and  equip  hospitals,  not  operated  for  pri- 
vate gain,  in  communities  where  there  is  inadequate 
hospital  service.  For  this  part  there  has  been  ex- 
pended $1,691,677.00.  This  makes  a  total  of 
$5,120,372.95  expended  for  hospitals  so  far. 

The  Trustees  have  thus  helped  to  build  or  equip 
hospitals  located  at  Abbeville,  Albemarle,  Asheboro, 
Banner  Elk,  Bennettsville,  Biltmore,  Boone,  Char- 
lotte, Columbia,  Conway,  Crossnore,  Durham, 
Elizabeth  City,  Elkin,  Florence,  Goldsboro,  Greens- 
boro, Henderson,  Lumberton,  Marion,  Monck's 
Corner,  Mooresville,  Morehead  City,  Morganton, 
MuUins,  Newberry,  Pinehurst,  Raleigh,  Roanoke 
Rapids,  Sanford,  Southport,  Spartanburg,  Sumter, 


The  Duke  Endowment 


27 


Sylva,  Thomasville,  Tryon,  Wadesboro,  Waynes- 
ville,  Wilmington  and  Winston-Salem. 

The  Trustees  have  made  the  free  bed  payments 
to  the  public  hospitals  at  the  above  named  places, 
except  an  uncompleted  few,  and,  in  addition,  to 
other  such  hospitals  located  at  Aiken,  Anderson, 
Asheville,  Camden,  Carthage,  Charleston,  Fayette- 
ville,  Fletcher,  Gastonia,  Greenville,  Greenwood, 
Halifax,  Hamlet,  Hendersonville,  Huntersville, 
Jamestown,  Kinston,  Laurens,  New  Bern,  Newton, 
Oxford,  Roaring  Gap,  Rocky  Mount,  Rutherford- 
ton,  Saluda,  Shelby,  Six  Mile,  Summerville,  Tar- 
boro.  Union,  Washington,  Weaverville,  White 
Rock,  Wilson  and  Wrightsville  Sound. 

Mark  these  hospitals  on  a  map  of  the  Carolinas, 
see  how  they  dot  those  states,  note  that  your  local 
institution  is  included  in  the  benefits,  and  you  will 
begin  to  realize  both  your  own  personal  interest  in 
the  Endowment  and  the  meaning  of  just  this  one 
of  its  activities.  Add  in  your  mind  its  provisions 
for  schools,  churches,  orphanages,  and  you  are  even 
then  far  short  of  a  complete  vision  of  this  princely 
gift  of  a  stalwart  son  to  his  beloved  home  people. 
You  have  still  to  do  the  gigantic  problem  in  geo- 
metrical progression  of  multiplying  each  of  these 
objects  by  the  recurring  amounts  it  will  get  as  the 
great  forever  unfolds. 


28 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


Magnificent,  marvelous,  you  exclaim.  Yes,  all  of 
that;  for  truly  the  Endowment  has  a  boundless 
sweep  and  a  surge  sublime  that  blends  with  the 
ocean  of  years.  And  yet  is  it  not  just  once  more  the 
simple,  old,  old  story  of  Jesus  and  His  love?  *lf  I 
amount  to  anything  in  this  world,*'  said  Mr.  Duke, 
*1  owe  it  to  my  Daddy  and  the  Methodist  Church.'' 
Not  by  might,  nor  by  power,  but  by  my  spirit, 
saith  the  Lord  of  Hosts. 

Contemplate  the  man,  the  life,  the  work,  already 
standing  clear  and  lofty  on  the  receding  pages  of 
history,  and  you  perceive  of  a  certainty  the  divine 
hand  of  Providence  again  bringing  to  a  troubled 
world  through  His  chosen  instrument  the  glad  tid- 
ings of  great  joy  which  have  ever  been  the  mark  of 
true  religion  since  Christ  went  about  doing  good 
on  earth — the  blind  see,  the  deaf  hear,  the  lepers 
are  cleansed,  and  the  poor  have  the  Gospel  preached 
unto  them.  Aye,  even  more  than  that,  it  is  saying 
to  suffering  humanity  everywhere — let  not  your 
heart  be  troubled,  neither  let  it  be  afraid;  God  is 
still  in  His  heaven  and  all  will  be  right  with  the 
world,  if  we  only  give  God  a  chance! 


The  Interest  of 
The  Duke  Endowment  In 
Higher  Education 

Doctor  W.  J.  McGlothlin 
President,  Fur  man  University 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 

ONE  of  the  most  marked  characteristics  of  the 
life  of  Mr.  J.  B.  Duke  was  his  devotion  to 
the  interests  of  the  people  of  the  two  Carolinas. 
This  is  seen  in  the  location  of  so  many  of  his  great 
industrial  plants  within  the  borders  of  these  states, 
in  the  development  of  their  water  power,  and  in 
many  other  ways.  As  he  approached  the  end  of  his 
life  his  chief  concern  seemed  to  be  to  dispose  of  his 
great  wealth  in  such  ways  as  would  best  and  longest 
serve  his  beloved  people.  In  his  arrangements  for 
assisting  the  orphanages  and  hospitals  of  the  two 
states  he  made  provision  for  the  helpless  children 
and  the  suffering  poor  in  a  manner  so  beautiful  and 
gracious,  as  to  call  down  perpetual  blessings  on  his 
name.  But  he  was  not  interested  in  the  helpless,  the 
suffering,  and  the  needy  alone.  They  appealed  to 
his  sympathy  and  elicited  his  help,  but  he  knew  that 


30 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


the  future  welfare  of  these  states  depended  upon  the 
intelligence,  character,  and  competence  of  the  strong 
young  people.  Orphanages  and  hospitals,  however 
important  and  blessed  in  their  ministries,  can  never 
make  a  great  people.  Only  the  homes,  the  churches, 
and  the  schools  can  do  that.  And  so  Mr.  Duke  did 
what  he  could  directly  for  the  churches  and  ministers 
of  his  own  communion,  and  then  turned  to  the  field 
of  education  for  his  highest  and  most  striking  service 
to  the  people  of  the  two  Carolinas.  A  democracy 
must  have  competent  leadership — men  and  women 
of  high  character,  intelligence,  and  devotion  to  the 
common  weal.  Such  a  leadership  is  necessarily  pro- 
duced, if  produced  at  all,  in  the  colleges  and  the 
universities  of  the  country.  Accordingly,  Mr.  Duke 
chose  four  colleges  situated  in  the  two  Carolinas  as 
the  objects  of  his  largest  benefactions.  The  foun- 
dations of  these  institutions,  already  laid,  rested 
securely  upon  fundamental  Christian  convictions 
and  ideals,  while  their  origin,  history,  and  traditions 
gave  assurance  of  continued  efforts  in  their  class- 
rooms to  prepare  a  leadership  consisting  of  men  and 
women  of  culture,  competence,  and  high  character. 
These  colleges  represent  both  the  white  and  colored 
races,  and  belong  to  the  three  great  religious  bodies 
of  the  South.  By  selecting  and  strengthening  these 
four  institutions,  Mr.  Duke  did  what  he  could  do 
for  the  people  of  the  Carolinas  through  college  edu- 


The  Duke  Endowment 


31 


cation.  Each  of  these  institutions  has  been  enabled 
through  his  beneficience  greatly  to  enlarge  and 
strengthen  its  services  not  only  to  its  own  support- 
ing constituency  but  to  the  general  cultural  interests 
of  both  Carolinas. 

But  the  capstone  of  Mr.  Duke's  magnificent  work 
for  higher  education  was  the  founding  of  Duke 
University.  This  institution  is  already  the  pride  of 
the  Carolinas  and  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  great 
universities  of  the  country.  In  this  institution  he 
placed  at  our  doors  equipment  for  the  highest  pos- 
sible training  of  young  men  and  women  for  the 
great  professions  of  medicine,  law,  the  ministry,  and 
teaching,  but  also  created  a  center  for  the  preser- 
vation, diffusion,  and  expansion  of  knowledge  and 
culture  whose  possibilities  are  immeasurable  and 
whose  services  will  be  perpetual. 

Mr.  Duke  was  a  great  organizer,  a  great  manu- 
facturer and  a  great  merchant.  The  Duke  Endow- 
ment in  its  broad  conception  and  its  details  is  an 
expression  of  his  genius.  He  knew  men  and  the  high 
character,  great  business  ability  and  devotion  of  the 
men  whom  he  selected  as  Trustees  of  The  Duke  En- 
dowment guarantee  the  safety,  permanence,  and 
wise  handling  of  its  funds.  What  the  wisdom  of 
man  can  do  for  the  welfare  of  these  great  educa- 
tional institutions  has  been  done. 


32 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


We  are  celebrating  the  eighth  anniversary  of  the 
establishment  of  The  Duke  Endowment.  These 
eight  years  have  served  to  deepen  and  widen  the  tre- 
mendous impression  made  by  the  announcement  of 
that  event.  The  wisdom  and  gracious  generosity  of 
this  great  gift  have  been  recognized  more  and  more 
as  the  years  have  passed.  And  we  of  the  Carolinas 
can  never  forget  that  it  was  one  of  our  own,  a  son 
of  this  soil,  who  gave  to  us  this  great  boon.  Bless- 
ings and  honor  from  a  grateful  people  rest  forever 
on  the  name  of  James  B.  Duke. 


The  Interest  of 
The  Duke  Endowment  In 
Medical  Education 

Doctor  Robert  Wilson 
Dean,  Medical  College  of  the  State  of 
South  Carolina 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 

IN  A  time  like  the  present  when  men's  hearts  are 
failing  them  through  fear  and  when  upon  all 
sides  we  encounter  doubt  and  uncertainty  concern- 
ing the  stability,  or  even  the  validity,  of  the  estab- 
lished institutions  of  our  existing  social  order  this 
service  seems  of  especial  significance  commemorating 
as  it  does  the  establishment  of  an  endowment  hav- 
ing for  its  purpose  the  promotion  of  religion,  higher 
education  and  physical  health,  essential  foundation 
stones  for  the  building  of  any  successful  social  and 
economic  structure.  In  combining  these  activities  the 
founder  of  The  Duke  Endowment  was  looking  into 
the  future  with  unclouded  vision,  not  seeking  to 
perpetuate  his  memory  in  idle  monuments  but  in 
institutions  vital  to  civilization. 


34 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


It  is  my  part  this  afternoon  to  speak  of  the 
medical  phase  of  the  Endowment's  activities.  One 
of  the  most  difficult  problems  which  medicine  is  fac- 
ing today  concerns  the  utilization  of  the  machinery 
of  modern  medical  science  for  the  benefit  of  all  who 
are  in  need.  This  new  machinery  is  not  handled  as 
easily  as  the  old  machinery  which  was  simpler  in  its 
structure  and  required  for  its  manipulation  less  tech- 
nical skill.  The  solution  of  the  problem  is  by  no 
means  easy,  but  however  it  may  be  worked  out  ulti- 
mately it  is  clear  that  education  and  training  are 
fundamental  in  every  program  of  health  conserva- 
tion. The  education  of  men  and  women  in  the 
science  of  medicine  and  their  training  in  the  art  of 
its  application  to  the  problems  of  the  prevention 
and  the  care  of  illness  are  absolutely  necessary  if  the 
blessings  of  modern  medicine  are  to  be  adequately 
administered  and  distributed.  This  The  Duke  En- 
dowment is  accomplishing  directly  through  the 
building  of  a  great  medical  school  and  teaching  hos- 
pital at  Durham  where  the  ancient  traditions  of  the 
science  and  art  of  medicine  will  find  new  exempli- 
fication in  their  modern  applications.  Indirectly 
through  the  aid  extended  to  the  hospital  in  Charles- 
ton which  supplies  teaching  facilities  to  the  Medical 
College  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina  this  old  seat 
of  medical  culture  receives  additional  sustenance  and 
strength.  Through  these  medical  schools  which  are 


The  Duke  Endowment 


35 


providing  physicians  whose  preparation  will  insure 
the  highest  type  of  medical  care,  the  beneficent  activ- 
ities of  the  Endowment  are  reaching  the  people  of 
the  two  Carolinas. 

Another  very  serious  phase  of  medical  care  is  cre- 
ated by  the  growing  tendency  of  physicians  to  settle 
in  larger  towns  where  opportunities  and  facilities 
are  greater,  which  has  created  a  grave  situation  in 
very  many  rural  communities.  Frequent  appeals  for 
physicians  come  to  my  office  from  small  towns  and 
country  districts,  like  the  cry  from  Macedonia  for 
help,  and  it  is  becoming  increasingly  difficult  to 
supply  them.  The  cause  of  this  difficulty  probably 
is  too  complex  for  solution  by  any  single  measure, 
but  the  effort  which  The  Duke  Endowment  is  mak- 
ing to  solve  it  is  very  significant.  **The  advance  in 
the  science  of  medicine  .  .  .  makes  hospital  facilities 
essential  for  obtaining  the  best  results  in  the  practice 
of  medicine  and  surgery''  wrote  Mr.  Duke  with  full 
understanding  of  the  position  which  hospitals  have 
come  to  occupy  as  important  factors  in  the  diagnosis 
and  treatment  of  disease  as  well  as  educational  cen- 
ters. Some  conception  of  what  has  been  accom- 
plished may  be  obtained  when  we  learn  that  through 
the  contributions  made  by  The  Duke  Endowment 
the  ratio  of  general  hospital  beds  to  population  dur- 
ing the  five-year  period,  1924  to  1930,  increased 


36 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


20%  in  North  Carolina  and  27%  in  South  Caro- 
lina, while  the  increase  for  the  country  as  a  whole 
was  only  18%.  The  assistance  thus  rendered  hos- 
pitals in  small  communities  enables  these  institu- 
tions to  provide  better  facilities  for  medical  and 
surgical  care  and  so  to  offer  a  higher  type  of  service 
than  would  be  possible  otherwise.  The  improve- 
ment in  such  hospital  facilities  with  the  greater 
opportunities  thereby  afforded  for  high  grade  work 
likewise  is  destined  to  make  the  practice  of  medicine 
more  attractive  to  better  trained  medical  men  and 
thus  insure  to  the  smaller  districts  medical  attention 
comparable  to  that  obtained  in  the  larger  centers. 


The  superannuate  Mi  nister 
and  the  Rural  Church 

The  Reverend  J.  B.  Hurley 
Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 

I AM  glad  of  the  opportunity  to  speak  a  brief 
word  touching  two  special  interests  as  related  to 
The  Duke  Endowment:  the  superannuate  minister 
and  the  rural  church,  both  of  which  lay  very  close 
to  the  heart  of  James  B.  Duke. 

The  itinerant  "circuit  rider  '  and  the  rural  church 
came  early  into  the  life  of  this  man.  In  his  youthful 
days  in  the  rural  sections  of  central  North  Carolina, 
practically  the  only  contact  with  the  outside  world, 
about  which  he  dreamed  of  conquering,  came 
through  periodical  visits  of  the  itinerant  minister, 
his  social  contacts  in  the  neighborhood  in  which  he 
lived  were  made  at  the  little  country  church  near 
his  father's  home,  and  the  friendships  made  then 
lasted  through  life. 

It  is  said  that  his  father  often  talked  about  these 
men  of  God,  who  preached  the  gospel,  baptized  the 
young,  performed  marriage  ceremonies  and  buried 


38 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


the  dead,  and  often  remarked  about  the  treasures 
these  men  must  have  accumulated  in  heaven. 

It  is  not  surprising  therefore,  that  as  early  as 
1915  Mr.  Duke  began  making  provisions  for  the 
care  of  the  superannuate  ministers,  their  w^idows 
and  children,  and  for  the  construction  and  mainte- 
nance of  rural  churches.  From  1915  to  1925  an 
annual  gift  of  $10,000  was  made  by  Mr.  Duke  to 
the  superannuate  ministers.  A  total  of  $100,000 
was  distributed  during  this  period.  From  1915  to 
1925  $15,000  was  distributed  annually  for  the 
purpose  of  supplementing  the  salaries  of  ministers 
in  the  rural  sections  of  North  Carolina.  Since  1926 
these  funds  have  been  distributed  by  the  Trustees  of 
The  Duke  Endowment  through  Duke  University. 
From  December  11,  1924,  through  October  12, 
1932,  a  total  of  $759,065.20  had  been  distributed 
for  the  support  of  the  superannuated  ministers,  and 
for  the  construction  and  maintenance  of  rural 
churches.  When  the  $250,000  contributed  from 
1915  to  1925  is  added,  the  total  contribution  for 
these  purposes  by  Mr.  Duke  reaches  the  sum  of 
$1,009,064.20. 

The  money  available  for  superannuated  ministers 
is  distributed  at  Christmas  time  and  is  prorated  on 
the  basis  of  the  amount  given  from  the  Annual 
Conference  Superannuate  funds. 


The  Duke  Endowment 


39 


The  money  in  the  building  fund  of  the  rural 
church  section  of  The  Duke  Endowment  is  used  **to 
build  Methodist  Churches  under  and  connected  with 
a  conference  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
South,  located  in  the  State  of  North  Carolina,  but 
only  those  churches  located  in  the  sparsely  settled 
rural  districts  of  the  State  of  North  Carolina  and 
not  in  any  city,  town  or  hamlet  incorporated  or  un- 
incorporated, having  a  population  in  excess  of  1,500 
people,  according  to  the  then  last  Federal  census." 

The  funds  available  for  the  maintenance  of  rural 
churches  are  used  in  two  ways:  First,  to  supplement 
the  salaries  of  rural  ministers,  to  bring  them  to  the 
minimum  income  for  actual  support,  and.  Second, 
special  opportunities  have  been  found  for  the  church 
work  in  the  country  during  the  summer  months. 
During  this  season  the  children  are  not  in  school 
and  hence  have  more  time  for  religious  training  and 
instruction,  the  homes  of  the  country  people  are 
more  accessible  for  pastoral  visitation,  food  more 
plentiful  for  entertaining  preachers  and  group  meet- 
ings, and  the  weather  more  favorable.  For  these 
reasons  many  country  preachers  have  found  need 
for  additional  services  during  the  summer  months. 
The  maintenance  fund  is  giving  help  in  this  service. 
Specially  fitted  theological  students  have  been  sent 
into  these  sections  to  assist  the  regular  pastors.  In 


40 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


1931,  67  such  men  were  sent  out  for  various  kinds 
of  v^ork  in  these  country  regions.  This  procedure 
not  only  assists  the  rural  preacher  in  his  work  but 
also  provides  a  medium  for  practical  training  for 
theological  students. 

As  a  presiding  elder  for  a  number  of  years  I  had 
the  opportunity  to  observe  at  close  hand  the  ever 
increasing  benefits  this  fund  brings  to  the  rural 
church,  and  to  witness  as  well  as  to  enjoy  the  light 
and  gladness  it  brings  to  the  retired  minister  s  home. 

Superannuation,  the  day  every  Methodist  preacher 
dreads  and  defers  as  long  as  possible,  need  be  re- 
garded no  longer  as  a  vale  of  sorrow,  or  wall  of 
wailing  or  region  of  defeat,  but  in  a  sense  as  the 
real  beginning  of  the  Beulah  Land  of  a  glorious  and 
crowning  ministry. 

The  spirit  and  vision  of  this  man,  whose  name 
we  shall  ever  delight  to  honor,  declare  him  at  once 
a  generous,  broad-minded  and  far-seeing  Christian 
statesman. 


The  Interest  of 


The  Duke  Endowment  in  the  Care 
of  Dependent  Children 

The  Reverend  C.  K.  Proctor 
Superintendent,  Oxford  Orphanage 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 

THERE  is  no  doubt  that  it  takes  a  great  man  to 
make  a  million  dollars.  It  takes  a  still  greater 
man  to  give  away  a  million  dollars  and  it  takes  a 
still  greater  man  to  give  away  a  million  dollars  in 
an  intelligent,  far-reaching  manner  that  will  benefit 
the  largest  number  of  people.  When  this  accomplish- 
ment is  multiplied  many  times  it  likewise  multiplies 
many  times  the  bigness  of  the  man. 

Under  the  indenture  of  Mr.  James  B.  Duke  and 
under  the  provision  of  his  will  various  interests  of 
humankind  in  the  two  Carolinas  have  been  con- 
sidered. These  have  been  enumerated  here  today  and 
referred  to  in  splendid  style. 

The  Duke  Endowment  stands  out  prominently 
in  its  provision  for  the  needs  of  the  unfortunate — 
there  is  no  group  of  the  unfortunate  that  is  more 


42 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


deserving  of  consideration  nor  that  will  bring  greater 
dividends  when  provided  for  than  the  dependent 
orphan  children.  The  bigness  of  the  man  and  the 
tenderness  of  his  desire  to  help  is  reflected  in  the  pro- 
vision of  the  indenture  which  includes  the  orphan- 
ages of  the  two  Carolinas.  It  is  not  clear  how  Mr. 
Duke  was  sold  on  the  idea  of  orphanage  aid  unless 
in  his  own  early  life  bereft  of  a  mother's  care  his 
heart  was  inclined  toward  motherless  children.  Un- 
der the  provisions  of  the  indenture,  1 0  %  of  the  net 
amount  of  the  income  from  The  Duke  Endowment 
not  retained  for  additions  to  the  corpus  of  the  estate 
shall  be  paid  and  distributed  to  and  among  such 
organizations,  institutions,  agencies  and/or  societies 
whether  public  or  private  by  whatever  name  not 
operated  for  private  gain  and  exclusively  operated 
for  the  benefit  of  whole  or  half  orphans  whether 
white  or  colored  when  in  the  states  of  North  and 
South  Carolina.  Since  the  establishment  of  the  En- 
dowment and  through  the  year  of  1932  The  Duke 
Endowment  had  distributed  for  the  care  of  orphan- 
ages in  the  two  Carolinas  the  sum  of  $811,504.11. 
Contributions  were  made  to  45  institutions  in  1932 
which  institutions  provided  care  for  6,767  children. 
The  amount  paid  to  each  institution  is  based  upon 
the  number  of  days  that  whole  and  half  orphans 
are  taken  care  of  in  said  institutions.  The  total 
number  of  orphan  days  for  the  45  institutions  in 


The  Duke  Endowment 


43 


1932  amounted  to  1,956.360.  The  contribution  of 
The  Duke  Endowment  in  1932  to  the  orphanages 
amounted  to  $144,022.60,  which  is  about  7%  cents 
per  day  for  the  number  of  orphan  days  represented 
by  the  institutions.  It  is  easy,  therefore,  to  see  some- 
thing of  the  bigness  of  this  bequest.  It  is  not  the 
intention  that  this  should  decrease  in  any  way  the 
support  of  the  institutions  from  other  sources,  but 
rather  to  provide  those  things  that  the  orphanages 
otherwise  would  not  have.  It  was  genuinely  hoped 
that  this  provision  would  stimulate  other  gifts. 
During  these  times  of  depression  The  Duke  Endow- 
ment has  been  as  a  life  line  thrown  out  to  sinking 
orphanages  by  the  generous  hand  of  one  who  loved 
little  children.  It  stands  today  and  will  stand  in  the 
coming  days  between  hundreds — yea  thousands  of 
helpless  children  of  the  two  Carolinas  and  starva- 
tion and  despair.  It  shines  as  a  radiant  glow  of 
hope  to  those  about  whom  the  black  cloud  of  despair 
has  settled  and  it  reveals  the  tender  greatness  in  the 
heart  of  the  donor  which  reflects  the  spirit  of  Him 
who  magnified  the  child  and  said,  'Inasmuch  as  you 
have  done  it  unto  one  of  the  least  of  these  you  have 
done  it  unto  me.** 


James  B,  Duke:  Man 
and  Citizen 

The  Honorable  Clyde  R.  Hoey 

Mr.  Chairman,  and  Friends  of  The  Duke 
Endowment: 

IT  IS  a  high  privilege  to  participate  in  this  anni- 
versary occasion  and  to  speak  even  briefly  of  the 
dynamic  personality  whose  outstanding  benefactions 
are  thus  commemorated,  and  I  salute  today  the 
memory  of  James  B.  Duke  and  present  him  as  a 
Man  and  Citizen, 

It  is  difiicult  to  accurately  measure  the  stature  of 
a  man  and  to  properly  appraise  his  true  qualities 
and  real  worth.  The  world  too  often  estimates  a 
man  by  his  possessions  and  counts  his  worth  by 
what  he  has  accumulated.  It  frequently  esteems  him 
for  his  attainments  and  honors  him  for  his  achieve- 
ments, but  the  popular  idea  is  that  a  great  success 
is  measured  by  the  length  of  figures  which  express 
his  worldly  wealth. 

It  is  not  always  possible  to  distinguish  a  man 
from  his  possessions  and  view  him  apart  from  the 
things  which  surround  and  encompass  him.  Fortu- 


The  Duke  Endowment 


45 


nately  there  have  been  and  are  a  few  men  of  large 
wealth  who  are  not  obscured  by  it,  and  in  recalling 
such  you  can  still  see  the  Man  towering  over  and 
above  all  that  he  possesses  like  a  lofty  mountain 
peak,  revealed  in  bold  outline  against  the  vaulted 
sky  line  of  the  world's  vision  and  thought.  Such  a 
man  was  James  Buchanan  Duke! 

He  was  blessed  with  a  great  parentage — the 
youngest  son  of  Washington  Duke — a  man  of  rare 
sense,  wise  judgment  and  great  heart.  He  was  born 
in  the  trying  days  of  the  fifties  on  an  Orange  County 
farm,  and  he  came  into  the  rich  heritage  of  the 
opportunity  to  work  and  was  privileged  to  know 
something  of  the  struggles  and  cares  of  the  average 
man,  and  to  share  the  hardships  and  privations  of 
those  days,  and  to  feel  the  thrill  of  satisfaction  over 
daily  tasks  faithfully  performed  and  hard  work 
well  done. 

Young  Duke  early  evinced  that  aptitude  for  busi- 
ness which  later  made  him  a  world  merchantman 
and  a  colossal  leader  in  business  and  industry.  Given 
only  a  country  school  education  he  entered  business 
at  18  years  of  age  and  began  to  build  the  stature  of 
a  real  man,  and  this  opened  the  way  for  the  great 
success  which  he  achieved  in  so  many  and  varied 
lines  of  activity  and  endeavor. 


46 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


I  shall  not  review  in  detail  his  business  career.  It 
is  a  vital  part  of  the  history  of  the  Carolinas  and 
of  America.  The  manufacture  of  tobacco  engaged 
much  of  his  time  and  thought  and  his  company 
sent  its  products  to  the  remotest  parts  of  the  world 
and  he  became  the  premier  figure  of  that  mighty 
industry.  Into  the  great  cotton  manufacturing  busi- 
ness he  put  much  of  his  capital  and  thought  and 
the  South  gained  the  ascendancy  in  the  manufacture 
of  cotton  over  New  England  and  North  Carolina 
wrested  from  Massachusetts  the  supremacy  in  this 
industry.  His  was  a  large  contribution  to  this  result. 

Among  his  coveted  successes  was  the  harnessing 
of  the  water  that  had  hitherto  been  running  to  waste 
in  the  rivers  of  the  Carolinas — centering  along  the 
Catawba — and  producing  unlimited  power  to  light 
the  homes,  towns  and  cities  and  to  supply  power 
for  the  industries  of  this  section.  Now  the  develop- 
ment of  power  is  regarded  as  commonplace,  but  Mr. 
Duke  was  a  real  pioneer  in  this  field  when  he  visual- 
ized the  day  when  this  mighty  force  would  serve 
the  average  man  in  every  phase  of  life  and  be  so 
generally  utilized  by  the  public  that  it  would  become 
indispensable. 

The  whole  career  of  Mr.  Duke  was  marked  by 
unusual  success.  He  amassed  a  large  fortune,  he 
lived  a  full  life,  he  blazed  many  new  trails  in  in- 


The  Duke  Endowment 


47 


dustry,  he  travelled  the  high  paths  of  service,  he 
shared  community  responsibilities,  he  envisioned  the 
crying  needs  of  two  commonwealths,  he  marshalled 
his  resources  and  committed  his  wealth  permanently 
to  the  exalted  task  of  caring  for  the  orphan,  edu- 
cating the  youth,  healing  the  sick,  ministering  to  the 
retired  heroes  of  the  Cross  and  building  houses  of 
worship  to  the  Prince  of  Peace. 

Above  his  wealth  in  land  and  buildings,  farms 
and  factories,  stocks  and  bonds,  goods  and  gold, 
there  was  that  indefinable  and  unmeasurable  wealth 
in  spirit  which  enabled  him  to  master  himself  and 
conquer  selfishness  so  that  he  could  see  the  everlast- 
ing things  that  matter  to  a  nation,  state  or  indi- 
vidual, and  thus  extend  himself  into  the  uncharted 
centuries  of  the  future,  and  though  dead  he  yet  lives 
and  serves  in  the  magnificent  concept  which  he 
divined  as  his  legacy  to  humanity  and  his  gift  to 
posterity, 

James  B.  Duke  the  Man  is  bigger  than  his  bene- 
factions, larger  than  his  gifts,  more  royal  than  his 
generosity,  broader  than  his  charity  and  as  immortal 
as  his  faith.  A  long  and  varied  business  career  in  the 
field  of  keen  competition  naturally  aroused  business 
antagonisms  and  it  is  not  surprising  that  if  there 
were  those  who  assailed  Mr.  Duke  as  an  austere  man 
and  master,  gathering  where  he  had  not  strewn  and 


48 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


reaping  where  he  had  not  sown,  but  such  failed  to 
glimpse  the  whole  man  and  to  see  the  full  picture. 
The  whole  history  of  the  race  in  business,  politics 
and  religion  emphasizes  the  fact  that  strong,  domi- 
nant figures  appear  ruthless  and  uncompromising  in 
their  march  of  progress,  brooking  no  opposition  and 
driving  relentlessly  forward.  The  statesmen  of  our 
own  day  in  America  have  evidenced  these  same  quali- 
ties. You  would  not  expect  to  see  a  Grover  Cleve- 
land, Theodore  Roosevelt  or  Woodrow  Wilson 
yielding  a  contention  or  surrendering  a  position,  but 
the  very  imperial  mastery  of  the  man  asserted  itself 
in  the  daring  and  courageous  advance  which  some- 
times ran  rough  shod  over  opposition.  James  B. 
Duke  was  a  statesman  in  business. 

One  of  the  most  accurate  standards  by  which  to 
measure  a  man  is  the  opinion  and  regard  of  his  busi- 
ness associates,  his  contemporaries  in  service,  and  his 
employees  and  those  who  serve  him.  By  common 
consent  Mr.  Duke  was  always  accorded  the  seat  at 
the  head  of  the  table  and  where  he  sat  was  head. 
His  associates  recognized  his  superior  judgment,  his 
unfailing  wisdom  and  his  fair-mindedness.  They 
believed  in  him  whole-heartedly  and  trusted  him 
supremely.  He  was  deferential,  courteous,  consid- 
erate, and  his  bigness  was  never  more  in  evidence 
than  when  dealing  with  his  employees,  or  even  with 


The  Duke  Endowment 


49 


those  who  rendered  the  menial  service.  Whether  dis- 
cussing great  business  affairs  with  his  associates,  or 
consulting  with  his  attorneys,  or  conferring  with  his 
farm  manager,  or  passing  a  friendly  greeting  to  the 
house  servants,  he  was  always  the  big,  broad,  fine 
type  of  man,  with  a  great  human  heart,  who  loved 
his  family,  cared  for  his  kindred,  ministered  to  his 
day  and  generation  and  perpetuated  his  generosity 
in  a  Foundation  of  everlasting  benefactions. 

There  is  a  very  close  relationship  between  the  man 
and  citizen.  It  would  be  impossible  to  rise  to  the 
stature  of  a  big  man  without  recognizing  and  assum- 
ing the  duties  and  responsibilities  of  citizenship.  Mr. 
Duke  met  this  requirement  fully.  He  was  actively 
and  vitally  interested  in  public  affairs  and  his  interest 
began  in  the  smallest  unit  of  government  and  ran 
through  all  the  agencies  which  function  in  a  govern- 
mental way.  There  was  nothing  provincial  about 
him  as  a  citizen.  With  the  patriot's  conception  of 
the  duty  of  the  citizen  his  first  interest  was  in  the 
community,  then  the  State  and  nation,  and  after- 
wards the  intriguing  thought  of  world  citizenship 
and  responsibility.  He  believed  in  and  loved  his  own 
State.  It  was  the  home  of  his  forbears,  and  the  scene 
of  his  activity  as  a  young  man.  He  cherished  its 
ideals  and  dared  to  picture  for  it  a  great  destiny. 
He  was  a  typical  American.  The  principles  of  our 


50 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


Constitution  and  Bill  of  Rights,  the  precepts  of  our 
government  and  the  ideals  of  its  founders  became  a 
part  of  his  very  life,  and  he  saw  in  the  Stars  and 
Stripes  the  finest  symbol  of  human  rights  and  the 
divinest  emblem  of  universal  democracy  to  be  found 
in  all  the  earth.  But  the  sweep  of  his  vision  and  the 
currents  of  his  helpful  sympathy  and  cooperation 
swept  across  the  waste  of  waters  and  reached  the 
farthest  outposts  of  the  world's  civilization.  And 
his  benefactions  followed  his  vision.  Certainly  it  is 
just  to  say  that  the  attributes  and  virtues  of  the 
model  citizen  flowered  in  him. 

You  would  expect  a  composite  man  and  citizen 
to  be  interested  in  the  affairs  which  concern  the 
whole  people,  and  to  share  the  burdens  of  the  public 
in  proportion  to  his  ability  and  resources.  Many 
men  of  large  wealth  succeed  in  doing  this  and  feel 
that  they  have  discharged  the  full  measure  of  their 
duty.  And  this  may  be  true.  But  Mr.  Duke  was 
not  content  to  stop  with  this.  He  wanted  to  do 
more.  He  was  intent  upon  travelling  the  extra  mile 
and  then  many  added  miles.  He  belongs  to  that  rare 
class  of  men  who  control  their  wealth,  instead  of 
permitting  their  riches  to  control  them.  He  was  will- 
ing while  he  yet  lived  to  part  company  with  his 
millions  for  the  cause  which  he  pondered  in  his  heart 
and  so  enthusiastically  planned  and  which  found 


The  Duke  Endowment 


51 


full  fruition  in  The  Duke  Endowment,  the  exe- 
cution of  which  great  instrument  we  commemorate 
today. 

The  completeness  with  which  he  made  provision 
for  the  threefold  nature  of  man — physical,  intel- 
lectual and  spiritual — is  evidenced  by  a  mere  ref- 
erence to  this  marvelous  document.  He  began  with 
the  child  in  his  help  to  the  orphans,  he  provided 
for  physical  ministrations  to  all  ages,  classes  and 
races  in  his  aid  to  the  hospitals,  and  then  made  pro- 
vision for  the  physical  comfort  and  support  for  the 
preachers  in  their  days  of  declining  health  and  ad- 
vancing years.  Colleges  and  universities  for  men  and 
women  of  both  races  were  endowed  that  liberal  edu- 
cation and  vast  knowledge  might  be  attained  by 
those  who  seek  intellectual  culture.  Churches  are 
aided  and  established,  if  need  be,  for  the  cultivation 
of  the  spiritual  nature.  The  whole  man  is  encom- 
passed in  these  provisions  and  aid  given  at  every 
angle  of  his  nature. 

Friends  of  Mr.  Duke  like  to  recall  the  varied  fund 
of  knowledge  which  he  had  gained  by  his  contact 
with  people  and  his  experience  in  a  world  of  big 
things.  But  after  all  of  his  years  of  life  in  the  big 
cities  and  his  world  contacts  he  was  continually 
quoting  his  father  as  the  ultimate  authority  in  wis- 
dom and  judgment.  He  would  bring  to  a  climax 


52 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


his  own  thought  by  a  declaration,  **As  my  old 
Father  used  to  say/'  and  there  was  no  appeal  from 
an  opinion  thus  fortified. 

Mr.  Duke  was  a  religious  man.  He  did  not  parade 
his  piety  or  vaunt  his  religion,  but  he  believed  stead- 
fastly in  the  great  fundamental  things  of  life.  He 
had  unfailing  faith  in  the  ministers  of  the  gospel, 
and  especially  believed  in  the  potency  and  power  of 
the  circuit  rider  of  his  church.  He  was  a  Methodist, 
but  there  was  no  sectarianism  in  his  make-up,  and 
his  great  catholic  spirit  encompassed  all  denomina- 
tions and  all  races  in  a  world  brotherhood.  He  wor- 
shipped a  great  God,  he  bowed  before  no  small  deity, 
he  knelt  at  the  shrine  of  no  god  made  with  hands, 
but  his  was  a  God  powerful  enough  to  spin  worlds 
from  his  finger  tips  and  to  save  the  souls  of  all  the 
sons  and  daughters  of  men.  He  understood  the 
spiritual  entities  of  life,  and  was  familiar  with  the 
declaration  of  that  Old  Testament  prophet  Micah 
who  proclaimed  that  the  whole  duty  of  man  was 
"To  do  justly,  to  love  mercy,  and  walk  humbly 
with  thy  God.**  He  must  have  understood  the  doc- 
trine of  the  Christianity  of  the  New  Testament  when 
the  Apostle  James  explains  that  **pure  religion  and 
undefiled  before  God  and  the  Father  is  this — to  visit 
the  fatherless  and  widows  in  their  afflictions  and 
keep  himself  unspotted  from  the  world.**  He  must 


The  Duke  Endowment 


53 


also  have  appropriated  somewhat  of  the  spirit  of 
the  Man  of  Galilee,  as  represented  by  the  massive 
sculpture  of  the  Christ,  which  stands  at  the  entrance 
of  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  and  bearing  the  inscrip- 
tion, ''Come  unto  me  all  ye  that  labor  and  are  heavy 
laden  and  I  will  give  you  rest/' 

If  Mr.  Duke  had  lived  in  Europe  he  would  have 
been  officially  titled  as  Earl,  or  Duke,  or  Lord,  and 
if  a  subject  of  His  Majesty,  the  King  of  England, 
and  had  conferred  the  benefactions  upon  that  land 
that  he  has  given  to  his  own,  his  body  would  be 
resting  in  Westminster  Abbey  among  Britain's  im- 
mortal dead.  But  he  lived  in  America;  he  was  desig- 
nated as  "Mr.,"  the  title  of  an  American  man  and 
citizen,  and  his  body  rests  under  the  sacred  soil  of 
his  loved  North  Carolina,  along  beside  the  body  of 
his  honored  father,  but  his  memory  shall  be  revered 
and  loved  through  the  cycles  of  the  oncoming  cen- 
turies, and  men  and  ministers,  women  and  little 
children,  in  their  evening  devotions  around  their 
firesides  will  thank  God  that  he  lived. 


Sponsoring  Committee 

Mr.  D.  E.  Henderson,  Chairman 
Charlotte 


NORTH  CAROLINA 


Mr.  a.  B.  Andrews  Raleigh 

Honorable  Josiah  Bailey  Raleigh 

Reverend  A.  S.  Barnes  Raleigh 

Mr.  Kemp  D.  Battle  Rocky  Mount 

Mrs.  S.  Westray  Battle  Asheville 

Dr.  Charles  E.  Brewer  Raleigh 

Dr.  E.  C.  Brooks  Raleigh 

Mr.  J.  F.  Bruton  Wilson 

Mrs.  James  Campbell  Asheville 

Mr.  S.  B.  ChapiN  Pinehurst 

Mr.  H.  p.  Cheatham  Oxford 

Mr.  Cary  Dowd  Charlotte 

Mr.  R.  a.  Dunn  Charlotte 

Mrs.  Alma  Edgerton  Raleigh 

Mr.  a.  H.  Eller  Winston-Salem 

Dr.  W.  p.  Few  Durham 

Mr.  T.  a.  Finch  Thomasville 

Honorable  O.  Max  Gardner  Raleigh 

Reverend  J.  T.  Gibbs  Pelham 

Mr.  Robert  W.  Glenn  Greensboro 

Dr.  Frank  Porter  Graham  Chapel  Hill 

Mr.  James  A.  Gray  Winston-Salem 

Right  Reverend  W.  J.  Hafey  Raleigh 

Honorable  F.  W.  Hancock,  Jr  Oxford 

Honorable  Thomas  J.  Harkins  Asheville 

Mr.  C.  J.  Harris  Sylva 

Colonel  Wade  Harris  Charlotte 


56 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


Mr.  John  Sprunt  Hill  Durham 

Mr.  George  Watts  Hill  Durham 

Reverend  J.  B.  Hurley  Lexington 

Mr.  Joseph  B.  Johnston  Barium  Springs 

Mr.  C.  E.  Kistler  Morganton 

Dr.  Thurman  Kitchin  Wake  Forest 

Dr.  Walter  L.  Lingle  Davidson 

Reverend  John  P.  Manley  Nazareth 

Reverend  T.  F.  Marr  Brevard 

Mr.  D.  B.  McCrary  Asheboro 

Dr.  H.  L.  McCrorey  Charlotte 

Honorable  A.  W.  McLean  Lumberton 

Dr.  Julian  Miller  Raleigh 

Honorable  Cameron  Morrison  Charlotte 

Right  Reverend  E.  D.  Mouzon  ' .  .  .  Charlotte 

Honorable  Robert  N.  Page  Raleigh 

Dr.  James  M.  Parrott  Raleigh 

Right  Reverend  E.  A.  Penick  Charlotte 

Reverend  A.  W.  Plyler  Greensboro 

Mr.  Julian  Price  Greensboro 

Reverend  C.  K.  Proctor  Oxford 

Mother  Mary  Raphael  Charlotte 

Mr.  W.  O.  Saunders  Elizabeth  City 

Dr.  S.  p.  Sebastian  Greensboro 

Mr.  J.  B.  Sherrill  Concord 

Mr.  W.  H.  Sprunt  Wilmington 

Mr.  a.  L.  Stockton  Greensboro 

Dr.  Samuel  L.  Stringfield  Waynesville 

Dr.  W.  C.  Tate  Banner  Elk 

Mr.  Edgar  H.  Tufts  Banner  Elk 

Dr.  J.  B.  Whittington  Winston-Salem 

Mr.  Herman  Wiel  Goldsboro 

Mr.  O.  V.  WOOSLEY  Winston-Salem 


The  Duke  Endowment  57 

SOUTH  CAROLINA 

Dr.  Robert  Abell  Chester 

Dr.  L.  T.  Baker  Columbia 

Mr.  F.  O.  Bates  Charleston 

Dr.  J.  Moss  Beeler  Spartanburg 

Sister  Mary  Bernardine  Charleston 

Mrs.  Homer  S.  Blackwell  Laurens 

Honorable  Ibra  C.  Blackwood  Columbia 

Honorable  James  F.  Byrnes  Spartanburg 

Sister  Mary  Camilla  Greenville 

Mr.  C.  W.  Coker,  Jr  Hartsville 

Right  Reverend  K.  G.  Finley  Columbia 

Honorable  G.  Lyles  Glenn  Chester 

Honorable  William  E.  Gonzales  Columbia 

Reverend  A.  K.  Gwynn  Greenville 

Mr.  J.  H.  Hope  Columbia 

Mr.  R.  S.  Huntington  Greenville 

Dr.  a.  T.  Jamison  Greenwood 

Dr.  James  P.  Kinard  Rock  Hill 

Mr.  John  Law  Spartanburg 

Mr.  J.  J.  LawtoN  Hartsville 

Dr.  L.  Ross  Lynn  Clinton 

Mr.  H.  H.  McGill  Columbia 

Dr.  W.  J.  McGlothLIN  Greenville 

Mrs.  a.  F.  McKissick  Greenville 

Dr.  F.  H.  McLeod  Florence 

Mrs.  Bradley  Morrah  Greenville 

Commandant  Rex  Munselle  Greenville 

Mr.  Emslie  Nicholson  Union 

Mr.  J.  M.  NiCKLES  Abbeville 

Reverend  Thomas  P.  Noe  York 

Mr.  Neill  O'Donnell  Sumter 


58 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


Mr.  B.  H.  Peace  Greenville 

Dr.  E.  W.  Sikes  Clemson  College 

Honorable  E.  D.  Smith  Lynchburg 

General  Charles  P.  Summerall  Charleston 

Right  Reverend  E.  M.  Walsh  Charleston 

Dr.  R.  S.  Wilkinson  Orangeburg 

Mrs.  Minnie  E.  Williamson  Columbia 

Dr.  Robert  Wilson  Charleston 

Dr.  Frank  Wrenn  Anderson 


Local  Sponsoring  Committee 

Mr.  David  Ovens,  Chairman 


Mr.  H.  C.  Alexander 

Mr.  Louis  H.  Asbury 

Mr.  W.  H.  Belk 

Mr.  James  A.  Bell 

Mr.  E.  R.  Bucher 

Mr.  E.  T.  Cansler,  Sr. 

Mrs.  Guy  T.  Carswell 

Mr.  David  Clark 

Mr.  Francis  Clarkson 

Mr.  Claude  Cochrane 

Mrs.  Stuart  W.  Cramer,  Jr. 

Mr.  J.  B.  Efird 

Mr.  Lee  Folger 

Reverend  Ambrose  Gallagher 

Dr.  Edgar  Gammon 

Dr.  R.  L.  Gibbon 

Mr.  W.  G.  Gilks 

Mr.  Thomas  Glasgow 

Mr.  Earle  J.  Gluck 

Mr.  B.  B.  Gossett 

Mrs.  Bailey  T.  Groome 

Dr.  James  F.  Hardie 

Mrs.  B.  Shaw  Howell 

Reverend  John  L.  Jackson 

Mr.  Curtis  B.  Johnson 

Mr.  C.  W.  Johnston 

Mrs.  Horace  Johnston 

Colonel  T.  L.  Kirkpatrick 

Mr.  Clarence  Kuester 


The  Eighth  Anniversary 


Mr.  Charles  E.  Lambeth 

Mr.  Julian  H.  Little 

Dr.  Luther  Little 

Mrs.  John  P.  Lucas 

Mr.  Robert  A.  Mayer 

Mr.  E.  L.  Mason 

Reverend  E.  N.  Orr 

Mr.  Frank  Orr 

Reverend  W.  W.  Peele 

Reverend  C.  M.  Pickens 

Mr.  W.  E.  Price 

Mr.  J.  B.  Pridgen 

Mr.  a.  L.  Roberts 

Mrs.  R.  Lee  Rutzler 

Mr.  John  M.  Scott 

Mr.  J.  H.  Separk 

Mr.  Victor  Shaw 

Reverend  John  W.  Shackford 

Mr.  Frank  Sherrill 

Mr.  H.  C.  Sherrill 

Mr.  Morgan  B.  Spier 

Mr.  J.  A.  Stokes 

Mr.  a.  T.  Summey 

Mr.  C.  R.  Swinney 

Mr.  C.  W.  Tillett,  Jr. 

Dr.  John  H.  Tucker 

Mr.  H.  M.  Victor 

Mr.  H.  M.  Wade 

Reverend  R.  D.  Ware 

Dr.  a.  M.  Whisnant 

Mr.  p.  C.  Whitlock 

Mr.  C.  a.  Williams 

Mr.  W.  H.  Wood 


e  University  Alumni  Committee 

Mr.  Henry  Fisher,  Chairman 


Mr.  Spencer  Bell 

Mr.  Whiteford  S.  Blakeney,  Jr. 

Mr.  Hugh  C.  Boyer 

Mr.  L.  E.  Brown 

Mr.  Charles  Bundy 

Mr.  John  Dempster 

Mr.  Paul  Ervin 

Mr.  Leonard  Graham 

Mr.  Paul  Gurley 

Mr.  George  P.  Harris 

Mr.  Roy  Hunter 

Mr.  George  Ivey 

Reverend  Carl  King 

Mr.  John  Lineberger 

Mr.  H.  I.  McDouGLE 

Mr.  John  Moore 

Mr.  F.  Grainger  Pierce 

Mr.  J.  Ralph  Rone 

Mr.  Louis  L.  Rose 

Mr.  Kermit  Sherrill 

Mr.  Paul  M.  Sherrill 

Mr.  John  H.  Small,  Jr. 

Dr.  Frank  C.  Smith 

Mr.  Sinclair  Stewart 

Mr.  Henry  E.  Thomas,  Jr. 

Mr.  Ralph  Warren